Влияние прокурора на применение заключения под стражу как меры пресечения по судебной реформе 1864 г. в Российской империи

Abstract

В историческом контексте освещаются вопросы юридической роли прокурора в Российской империи во второй половине ХІХ – начале ХХ в. Рассматривается один из вопросов, с точки зрения значимости непреходяще актуальный: защита прав и свобод граждан в уголовном судопроизводстве, гарантированность такой защиты; прокурорский надзор как один из наиболее действенных средств их обеспечения. = The article is devoted to the research of legal role of prosecutor in application and abolition of detention as preventive measures in the Russian Empire in the 2nd half of XIX – early XX century. Analyzed prosecutor’s right to give instructions to investigator on release of an arrested person from custody and instructions on arrest of the accused, as well as legal consequences of such instructions. Practice has shown that prosecutors use more active their right to demand release of prisoners from detention, but the requirement to arrest of the accused they were given much less. Prosecutor’s instructions about changing detention by another less severe measure of restraint was compulsory for investigator. But investigator had the right to appeal in court instructions of prosecutor to replace less stringent preventive measure by detention. However, in practice, such disputes in the courts considered rare.